The District line has a long history. It was built by the Metropolitan District Railway and opened in stages from 1868. The MDR was later bought by Charles Yerkes, forming part of the "Underground" group until it was nationalised in the 1930s.The District line is a line of the London Underground, coloured green on the Tube map.It is the busiest of the sub-surface lines and the third busiest overall on the Underground network. Out of the 60 stations served, 25 are underground.It is sometimes closed between Barking and Upminster at weekends.Most of the District line's services use sub-surface D stock, although the Wimbledon to Edgware Road service uses C stock, due to shorter platform lengths between High Street Kensington and Edgware.The D stock has been refurbished, having received the standard Underground livery of red, white and blue, replacing the previous unpainted aluminium finish which is prone to damage by graffiti vandals. The stock also received a complete interior refurbishment and was fitted with CCTV and passenger information displays. The trains are maintained at Ealing Common Depot and Upminster Depot.A D stock (unit 7115) was taken out of service to be refurbished on 15 February 2008. Its run could have extended into the weekend, but due to planned weekend engineering works it was taken out on Friday at the end of operations. It was the very last silver train on the London Underground; fittingly running on the line which first introduced unpainted train.

The Jubilee

The London Underground system is the city-wide subway train system that locals and tourists use to quickly get around the city. The entire Underground network system is made up of 275 stations on 12 rail lines. The different lines are marked on maps with colours to help you keep track of where you are and where you are going. . The line which I choose is the grey. The name of this line is Jubilee. This tube had 27 stations and a length of 36.2 km (22.5 mi). Important stations are the Stanmore, Stratford, London Bridge and Westminster. Stanmore and Stratford are the terminal stations of this line. London Brigde and Westminster are among to the stations which are important because you can see sights.

One of this sights is the London Brigde. London Bridge is a bridge between the City of London and Southwark in London, England, over the River Thames. It was the only bridge over the Thames downstream from Kingston until Putney Bridge opened in 1729.

The other sight is the Westminster Abbey. The Church of St Peter at Westminster, which is almost always referred to popularly and informally as Westminster Abbey, is a large, mainly Gothic church, in Westminster, London, just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is the traditional place of coronation and burial site for English, later British and later still (and currently) monarchs of the Commonwealt Realms. It briefly held the status of a cathedral from 1546–1556, and is currently a Royal Peculiar.

Circle line will be extended soon

London Underground has announced that Circle line services will be extended to Hammersmith from December 2009. The changes will almost double the frequency of trains between Hammersmith and Edgware Road. As Circle line trains currently move around the line without a fixed terminus, any delays are compounded over time, and make it harder to offer a regular or reliable service. By giving the Circle line a start and end point London Underground will be able to recover the service quicker if there is disruption on the Circle or any of the lines that it shares tracks with. The new service will run from Hammersmith (H & C station) to Edgware Road station and then join the current Circle at Edgware Road and make a single loop, terminating at Edgware Road station. It will then reverse and do the full circle anti-clockwise, returning to Hammersmith.

Added benefits:

The changes to service patterns on the Circle line will improve the reliability of the line, enabling services to recover more quickly if there is a disruption. The line will still be called the Circle line and shown as a circle on the Tube map. The added benefit will be the improved service on the Hammersmith & City line from Edgware Road round to Hammersmith, almost doubling the frequency on that route. This is the first phase of the Sub Surface lines upgrade, which will include a new fleet of air conditioned and accessible trains and a new state of the art signalling system.

Hammersmith& City Line

The original Metropolitan Railway terminated at Bishop's Road, Paddington, adjacent to the Great Western Railway terminus, but in June 1864 the line was extended to Hammersmith to accommodate the broad gauge trains operated by the Great Western Railway in the 19th century.
At the eastern end, a service opened beyond Liverpool Street to Whitechapel in October 1884 at the same time as the completion of the Circle.
Trains have run on from Whitechapel to Barking over District line tracks since 1936.


The Hammersmith & City line between Hammersmith and Whitechapel is 14.5 km in length and serves 19 stations.
The equivalent statistics for the extended service through to Barking - which runs until 21 00 Mondays to Fridays and until 20 30 on Saturdays - are 26.5 kmand serves 28 stations.

London Underground(circle line steiger)

Circle linie

The London underground is eldest in the world.

The Circle line, coloured yellow on the tube map, is the eighth busiest line on the London Underground. The line was opened in 1884. It has 27 stations and has a length of 22,5 kilometres. The line is in the fare zone one. The circle line isn’t the fastest line because other lines use the track, too. When you go by the circle line you can look for some sights.

History:

The route now known as the Circle line was authorised when Acts of the Parlament in 1853 and 1854 empowered the Metropolitan Railway (MR) and the Metropolitan District Railway (MDR) to construct the world's first underground railway in central London. From an initial section between Farringdon and Paddington stations, the route was gradually extended at each end. Financial difficulties in the construction of the section through the City of London as well as animosity between the two railway companies delayed completion of the full circuit until 6 October 1884, although it had been known as the Inner Circle since the 1870s.
Trains on the route were originally hauled by steam engines, but electrification was started with an experimental section in 1900. A disagreement between the two companies over the method of electrification delayed the exercise, so that the first electric trains were introduced gradually over the 11 days to 24 September 1905.
The introduction of this line took over many parts of the Metropolitan Line, confining it to the north-west and limiting its interchanges with the District Line. The Uxbridge branch of the Metropolitan last shared track with the District in 1933, when Piccadilly line services replaced the latter. In the east, the Barking service of the Metropolitan, also sharing track with the District, was designated part of the Hammersmith & City line in 1988, though in practice the Hammersmith & City was operated as a separate line many years prior to this date.

On 7 July 2005, two Circle line trains were bombed. The blasts occurred almost simultaneously at 08:50 BST, one between Liverpool Street and Aldgat and the other on a train at Edgware Road.
Following the attacks, the whole of the Circle line was closed. While most other lines re-opened on 8 July, the Circle remained closed for several weeks, reopening a little less than a month after the attacks, on 4 August. 14 people were killed by the blasts on the Circle line trains. A third attack occurred on the Piccadilly line between King's Cross St Pancras and Russell Square

Trains:

All Circle line trains are in the distinctive London Underground livery of red, white and blue and are the larger of the two sizes used on the network. These trains use C stock, introduced 1969-70, and also in 1978. They are expected to be replaced with S stock by 2012.

London Underground (Central Line)

Central Line:

The Central line is a London Undergroundline, coloured red on tube map. It is a deep-level "tube" line, running east-west across London, and has the greatest total length of track of any line on the Underground. Out of the 49 stations served, 20 are below ground. It is the second busiest line on the Underground. The lenghts of this line is 74km.

History:

Although the Central London Railway was incorporated in 1891 for a line between Sheperd's Bush and Bank, the time for completion had to be extended twice (1894, 1899); and it was not until June 27, 1900 that it was formally opened, a month before public traffic began to use the railway on July 30, to Bank station. The railway was initially operated by electric locomotives hauling a train of trailer cars. The distinctive station buildings, many of which survive, were designed by the architect Harry Bell Measures.

Although the tunnels were bored with the unusual diameter of 11 feet 8¼ inches (3.56m), they were not well aligned and it was discovered that the rolling stock, which was already smaller than would be expected for this size of tunnel, would not fit.

In the late 1930s the tunnels were expanded and realigned and the stations lengthened. In 1940, the line was converted to the standard tube for Rail electrification. Because of the manner in which tunnel had been enlarged, it was no longer round and for clearance reasons the positive rail within the original tunnels had to be of an unusual shape with the top contact surface 40 mm (1½ inches) higher than normal.

The Current trains:

In common with virtually all other Underground lines, the Central line is worked by a single type of rolling stock. The Tube Stock was introduced gradually from April 1993 to February 1995, and was the first in London to introduce automated announcement of the next station and connections available. The Tube stock is painted in the standard red.

Here is a picture from a current train.

Bakerloo Line

The Bakerloo Line is a line of the London Underground System,it is colored brown on the Tube map. It runs partly on the surface and partly at deep level, from Elephant and Castle to Wealdstone.
Deep Level:
These sections are typically much deeper than the sub-surface sections. The deepest point on the whole tube network is 220 feet deep.
History
Originally called the Baker Street & Waterloo Railway, the line was constructed by the Underground Electric Railways Company of London Limited and opened between Baker Street and Lambeth North (then called Kennington Road) on March 10, 1906. It was extended to Elephant & Castle five months later, on August 5. The contraction of the name to "Bakerloo" rapidly caught on, and the official name was changed to match in July 1906.
The Bakerloo Line serves 25 stations and is 23.2km long. It makes 104,000,000 journeys per annum.

Waterloo & City line

Waterloo & City line

The Waterloo & City line is a short underground railway line in London, which formally opened on 11 July 1898. It has only two stations, Waterloo and Bank (formerly called "City", as it is within the City of London). Between its stations, the line passes under the River Thames.It exists almost exclusively to serve commuters between Waterloo mainline station and the City of London, and does not operate late in the evening or on Sundays (during the line's history there has been only a single four-year period, between 1943 and 1947, when the line did operate on that day). By far the shortest line on the London Underground at only 1.5 miles (2.5 km), it takes only four minutes to travel from end to end. It was the second electric tube railway to open in London, after the City & South London Railway (now part of the Northern line).
The London and South Western Railway (L&SWR) reached Waterloo in 1848. The location of the terminus made passenger access to the City of London difficult, and at that time proposals were considered for an extension, but they were abandoned on grounds of cost. When the South Eastern Railway constructed its Charing Cross line, some through working was operated from the L&SWR line to Cannon Street, but this was commercially and operationally unsuccessful.Nonetheless the difficult access continued to be a problem, and eventually the solution was determined to be a tube railway, hugely cheaper than a surface line as it avoided nearly all land acquisition that would have been required on the surface. The Waterloo & City Railway was formally opened on 11 July 1898, and from the start was operated by the L&SWR. It remained a separate legal entity until 1906, when it was absorbed into the L&SWR, then passing into the Southern Railway on the grouping of British railways in 1923, and subsequently became part of British Rail's Southern Region on nationalisation in 1948. When British Rail was privatised, it was seen as anomalous for it to be part of the National Rail network, and by agreement ownership was transferred to London Underground.Its ticketing was fully integrated with the national network and passengers could buy through tickets from mainline railway stations to Bank.The line was designed by civil engineer W.R. Galbraith and James Henry Greathead, inventor of the tunnelling shield that bears his name. The remnants of one of the Greathead tunnelling shields used in the construction of the line can be seen in the interchange tunnel linking the Waterloo and City with the Northern Line and Docklands Light Railway.
The Waterloo & City is colloquially known as The Drain. The origins of this name are somewhat obscure today. One theory is that this arose when the line was operated by train crew in a link that otherwise operated normal surface suburban routes. In comparison with working surface railways, the Waterloo & City consists of underground tube tunnels. Messroom conversation would include discussion of what turn a driver would be working tomorrow, and if it was a Waterloo & City turn of duty, it was an obvious metaphor to say that the driver was working "down the drain". Another theory is that it was given this name by the maintenance staff, because the tunnels, being under the river Thames, leak considerably allowing much water to enter. This water has to be continually pumped out. This water gives rise to a musty smell which provides a third theory for the name.
Uniquely among London's Underground lines, the Waterloo & City runs underground for its entire length, including both stations. (The Victoria line comes closest to this, with the only non-underground section being that to the depot).
In January 2003, the Waterloo & City was closed for over three weeks for safety checks due to a major derailment on the Central line, which required all 1992 tube stock trains to be modified. That same year, responsibility for the line's maintenance was given to the Metronet consortium under the terms of a Public-Private Partnership arrangement.
Original rolling stockThe original wooden stock, consisting of 11 motor and 11 trailer carriages, built by Jackson and Sharp of Wilmington, Delaware, USA, using Siemens electrical motors and control equipment, was used until 1940. The L&SWR was unable to procure the rolling stock from British suppliers at that time. The trains were operated as five trains of four carriages each, with one spare motor and trailer. The trains were of a novel design, being able to be driven from a small semi-open cab at either end of the train. This was achieved by running cables from both motors the length of the train, which allowed the rear vehicle's motors to be controlled by the control equipment on the leading vehicle. Another cable (making nine in all) connected the current collectors at both ends in order to eliminate the power loss that occurs at interruptions in the third rail at points and crossings where the conductor rail is gapped.The Board of Trade was dissatisfied with this arrangement and forbade traction current being conveyed between carriages on any further tube projects, forcing the Central London Railway to use conventional locomotives.Five additional single motor cars were ordered from Dick, Kerr and Co. of Preston in 1899 for single carriage operation outside rush hours.

Victoria line

( Station : Green Park ;Design : Leaves by June Fraser)

Colour: Light blue - Lenght : 21 km - Stations: 16

Journeys each year : 174,000 mill. - First operated : 1968

Operating time : am. 5:30 - pm. 1:00

The Victoria line is a deep-level line running from the south (Zone 2) trough the middle of London ( Zone 1) too the north-east (Zone 3) of London. It terms of the average number of journeys per mile, is the busiest line on the network. The line has 43 trains, of which 37 trains are currently needed for service in the peak periods. Each is made up of two four-car units. The journey from Brixton (= start station of the line) to Walthamstow(= the end of the line) takes 32 minutes and trains run every two minutes during peak periods in each direction. The line is equipped with an Automatic Train Operation system (ATO); the train operator (driver) closes the train doors and presses a pair of "start" buttons, and if the way ahead is clear, the ATO drives the train at a safe speed to the next station and stops there. This system has been in place since the line opened in 1968. The Victoria Line was the first automatic passenger railway in the world!

History

The first deep-level Underground line to be built across central London since the "tube boom" of 1905-1907. The official opening ceremony took place at Victoria station on March 7, 1969, The Queen unveiled a commemorative plaque on the station concourse. After a short ceremony, she purchased a 5d (five old pence = 2.08p) ticket and travelled to Green Park.

London Underground - Piccadilly Line

The Piccadilly line:

... is a line of the London Underground, coloured dark blue on the Tube map. It is the third busiest line on the Underground network judged by the number of passengers transported per year. It is mainly a deep-level line running from the north to the west of London via Zone 1, with a number of surface sections in its westernmost parts. Out of the 53 stations served, 25 are underground.

The first section opened in 1869 and the Line- length is nearly 71 km long.

The beginnings:

The Piccadilly line began as the Great Northern Piccadilly & Brompton Railway (GNP&BR), one of several railways, whose chief director was Charles Tyson Yerkes, although he died before any of his schemes came to fruition.

The GN&PBR was formed from the merger of two earlier, but unbuilt, tube-railway companies taken over in 1901 by Yerkes' consortium: the Great Northern & Strand Railway (GN&SR) and the Brompton & Piccadilly Circus Railway (B&PCR). The GN&SR's and B&PCR's separate routes were linked with a new section of track between Piccadilly Circus and Holborn. A section of the Metropolitan District Railway's scheme for a deep-level tube line between South Kensington and Earl's Cour was also added in order to complete the route.

When the GNP&BR was formally opened on 15 December 1906, the line ran from the Great Northern Railway's station at Finsbury Park to the District Railway's station at Hammersmith.

On 30 November 30 1907, the short branch from Holborn to the Strand (later renamed Aldwych) opened, which had been planned as the last section of the GN&SR before the amalgamation with the B&PCR was made. Although built with twin tunnels, single-line shuttling became the norm from 1918 on, with the eastern tunnel closed to traffic.

Made by Jerovsek Christopher 29.05.2009

London Underground System Metropolitan Line

The Metropolitan Line was the first underground railway in the world and was opened on 10 January 1863. It has the couler TfL's Corporate Magent. It has 34 stadions and 5 of them are end station. The main line runs from Algate to Amersham, with branch lines to Uxbridge, Watford and Chesham. For the initial section of the line the rails are in tunnel for much of the way, beyond Baker Street, at Finchley Road the line runs in the open. Out of the 34 stations served, only 9 are underground. It is the oldest line and initially covered the bulk of the Underground system.

One stadion, the King's Cross St. Pancras stadion, connects Kings Cross and St Pancras.London King's Cross and London St Pancras are the principal National Rail services in the district. St Pancras is also the Eurostar terminus for International services to Paris and Brussels. Euston station is a half-mile to the west.Another stadion, the Moorgate station, is a London Underground and National Rail station in the City of London, on Moorgate, north of London Wall. At one time the station was named "Moorgate Street". It is terminus for suburban First Capital Connect services from Hertford, Welwyn Garden City and Letchworth, and was a former terminus for trains on the Thameslink line, also run by First Capital Connect until March 2009. It is the site of the Moorgate tube crash of 1975 in which 46 people were killed and 74 were injured.
The Underground station is on the City branch of the Northern line between Old Street and Bank and also on the Circle, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan lines, between Barbican and Liverpool Street.

The train of typ A Stock ran in service with unpainted aluminium bodywork for many years, since refurbishment the stock has received the now standard white and blue Underground livery, with red ends.

This is the Metropoltan Line of London